Fasttrack
to America's Past Teacher Key |
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Page 140 Page 141 |
Pages 140
& 141 - Voices of Reconstruction The reading selection The four selections on these pages give a variety of viewpoints about the challenges faced by the people of the South and the nation after the Civil War. The first three selections will give students a better sense of the complexity of the situation faced by individuals, government leaders, and the military during Reconstruction. The fourth selection is from Booker T. Washington's famous "Atlanta Compromise" speech of 1895. Segregation had become a widespread social pattern in the South, and in many areas had the force of law. Washington lays out a challenge for whites and blacks to work together for their mutual progress. Students should know that Booker T. Washington did not like segregation. He accepted it only because he did not think it could be challenged directly at that time by blacks, especially in the South. He hoped his strategy - a kind of compromise position - would win the support of whites, improve education and opportunities for blacks, and eventually cause segregation to fall away. The picture Booker T. Washington, who rose from slavery to become a famous leader and educator in the decades after the Civil War. His account of his life in his autobiography, Up From Slavery, is one of the great classics of American literature. Group discussion questions The first selection, a
notice from
the Freedmen's Bureau, appeals to both whites and blacks to realize
that
a "great social revolution" is going on. It warns whites that
their
interests and those of the freed slaves are the same. If the
freed
slaves are driven away by unfair treatment, the state of North Carolina
will lose a large part of its productive labor. "We know these men - know them well," the document warns. The black Virginians worried that once the former Confederate leaders were back in power, laws would be passed to keep the freed slaves from having any real freedom. The letter asks the federal government to keep Virginia under a military governor until a law is passed to stop any state from discriminating between citizens on the basis of race or color. This selection reveals an important task that remained long after the war ended: protecting the rights of blacks in the South. A white newspaper
editor from Louisiana
in the third selection tells the U.S. Congress that interference from
the federal
government is unnecessary. He claims that white planters realize
that it is in their own self-interest to treat the freed slaves
well.
He says the planters know very well that to lose the labor of blacks
would
be a disaster. The last selection
dates from 1895.
In it, Booker T. Washington proposes a strategy that sidesteps the
issue
of segregation. That social pattern, he realized, would not be
broken
overnight. Instead of confronting it directly, he urges blacks
and
whites to at least work together on "all things essential to mutual
progress." |
Copyright Notice
Copyright 2018 by David Burns. All rights reserved. Illustrations and reading selections appearing in this work are taken from sources in the public domain and from private collections used by permission. Sources include: the Dover Pictorial Archive, the Library of Congress, The National Archives, The Hart Publishing Co., Corel Corporation and its licensors, Nova Development Corporation and its licensors, and others. Maps were created or adapted by the author using reference maps from the United States Geological Survey and Cartesia Software. Please see the home page for this title for more information. |